In writing, what does 'audience' refer to?

The concept of 'audience' in writing pertains specifically to the intended readers or viewers of a text. Understanding the audience is crucial because it shapes many aspects of the writing, including style, tone, and content. For instance, a writer might choose a formal tone when addressing a scholarly audience, while a more casual tone might be appropriate for a blog intended for general readers. The interests, expectations, and prior knowledge of the audience influence how the message is conveyed and the choices the writer makes to connect effectively with them. Thus, recognizing who will read or view the text helps in tailoring the content to be more engaging and relevant to those individuals.